diff --git a/SignalServiceKit/Storage/Database/GRDBSchemaMigrator.swift b/SignalServiceKit/Storage/Database/GRDBSchemaMigrator.swift
index d919291416..46d9a8655b 100644
--- a/SignalServiceKit/Storage/Database/GRDBSchemaMigrator.swift
+++ b/SignalServiceKit/Storage/Database/GRDBSchemaMigrator.swift
@@ -333,6 +333,7 @@ public class GRDBSchemaMigrator {
         case addMimeTypeToMessageAttachmentReference
         case purgeMyStoryDeletedAtTimestamp
         case addRecoverablePlaceholderExpirationIndex
+        case backfillRecoverablePlaceholderErrorType
 
         // NOTE: Every time we add a migration id, consider
         // incrementing grdbSchemaVersionLatest.
@@ -5214,6 +5215,11 @@ public class GRDBSchemaMigrator {
             return .success(())
         }
 
+        migrator.registerMigration(.backfillRecoverablePlaceholderErrorType) { tx in
+            try Self.backfillRecoverablePlaceholderErrorType(tx: tx)
+            return .success(())
+        }
+
         // MARK: - Schema Migration Insertion Point
     }
 
@@ -5573,6 +5579,15 @@ public class GRDBSchemaMigrator {
 
     // MARK: - Migrations
 
+    static func backfillRecoverablePlaceholderErrorType(tx: DBWriteTransaction) throws {
+        try tx.database.execute(sql: """
+        UPDATE model_TSInteraction
+        INDEXED BY index_interactions_on_recoverable_placeholder_expiration
+        SET errorType = \(TSErrorMessageType.decryptionFailure.rawValue)
+        WHERE recordType = \(SDSRecordType.recoverableDecryptionPlaceholder.rawValue)
+        """)
+    }
+
     static func addMimeTypeToMessageAttachmentReference(tx: DBWriteTransaction) throws {
         try tx.database.alter(table: "MessageAttachmentReference") { table in
             // In practice, this column will be NOT NULL. However, we can't
diff --git a/SignalServiceKit/Storage/Database/Records/InteractionFinder.swift b/SignalServiceKit/Storage/Database/Records/InteractionFinder.swift
index c125cf0ad8..b71a21b300 100644
--- a/SignalServiceKit/Storage/Database/Records/InteractionFinder.swift
+++ b/SignalServiceKit/Storage/Database/Records/InteractionFinder.swift
@@ -383,17 +383,27 @@ public class InteractionFinder: NSObject {
         ORDER BY \(interactionColumn: .receivedAtTimestamp)
         """
 
-        let cursor = TSInteraction.grdbFetchCursor(
-            sql: sql,
-            transaction: tx,
-        )
+        var cursor = FailIfThrowsRecordCursor {
+            try InteractionRecord.fetchCursor(
+                tx.database,
+                sql: sql,
+            )
+        }
+
+        while let interactionRecord = cursor.next() {
+            let interaction: TSInteraction
+            do {
+                interaction = try TSInteraction.fromRecord(interactionRecord)
+            } catch {
+                owsFailDebug("Failed to deserialize TSInteraction! \(error)")
+                continue
+            }
+
+            guard let placeholder = interaction as? OWSRecoverableDecryptionPlaceholder else {
+                owsFailDebug("TSInteraction was not an OWSRecoverableDecryptionPlaceholder?")
+                continue
+            }
 
-        while
-            // Silently skip malformed TSInteraction rows, lest we become stuck
-            // on a malformed row forever.
-            let interaction = try? cursor.next(),
-            let placeholder = interaction as? OWSRecoverableDecryptionPlaceholder
-        {
             return placeholder
         }
 
diff --git a/SignalServiceKit/tests/Storage/Database/GRDBSchemaMigratorTest.swift b/SignalServiceKit/tests/Storage/Database/GRDBSchemaMigratorTest.swift
index 88a83f5f93..3673217a62 100644
--- a/SignalServiceKit/tests/Storage/Database/GRDBSchemaMigratorTest.swift
+++ b/SignalServiceKit/tests/Storage/Database/GRDBSchemaMigratorTest.swift
@@ -1642,4 +1642,74 @@ struct GRDBSchemaMigratorTest {
             false, // regular mp4
         ])
     }
+
+    @Test
+    func testBackfillRecoverablePlaceholderErrorType() throws {
+        let placeholderRecordType = SDSRecordType.recoverableDecryptionPlaceholder.rawValue
+        let errorMessageRecordType = SDSRecordType.errorMessage.rawValue
+        let decryptionFailure = TSErrorMessageType.decryptionFailure.rawValue
+        let nonBlockingIdentityChange = TSErrorMessageType.nonBlockingIdentityChange.rawValue
+
+        let databaseQueue = DatabaseQueue()
+        try databaseQueue.write { db in
+            try db.execute(sql: """
+            CREATE TABLE "model_TSInteraction" (
+                id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
+                recordType INTEGER NOT NULL,
+                uniqueId TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+                receivedAtTimestamp INTEGER NOT NULL,
+                errorType INTEGER
+            );
+            """)
+            try db.execute(sql: """
+            CREATE INDEX "index_interactions_on_recoverable_placeholder_expiration"
+            ON "model_TSInteraction"(receivedAtTimestamp)
+            WHERE recordType = \(placeholderRecordType);
+            """)
+            try db.execute(
+                sql: """
+                INSERT INTO "model_TSInteraction" (id, recordType, uniqueId, receivedAtTimestamp, errorType)
+                VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?), (?, ?, ?, ?, ?), (?, ?, ?, ?, ?), (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+                """,
+                arguments: [
+                    1,
+                    placeholderRecordType,
+                    "A",
+                    1000,
+                    nil,
+                    2,
+                    placeholderRecordType,
+                    "B",
+                    2000,
+                    nonBlockingIdentityChange,
+                    3,
+                    errorMessageRecordType,
+                    "C",
+                    3000,
+                    nil,
+                    4,
+                    errorMessageRecordType,
+                    "D",
+                    4000,
+                    nonBlockingIdentityChange,
+                ],
+            )
+
+            let tx = DBWriteTransaction(database: db)
+            defer { tx.finalizeTransaction() }
+            try GRDBSchemaMigrator.backfillRecoverablePlaceholderErrorType(tx: tx)
+        }
+
+        let errorTypes = try databaseQueue.read { db in
+            try Int32?.fetchAll(db, sql: """
+            SELECT errorType FROM model_TSInteraction ORDER BY id
+            """)
+        }
+        #expect(errorTypes == [
+            decryptionFailure, // placeholder, was NULL -> backfilled
+            decryptionFailure, // placeholder, errorType corrected
+            nil, // non-placeholder, untouched
+            nonBlockingIdentityChange, // non-placeholder, untouched
+        ])
+    }
 }